NDE yog dab tsi?

NDE yog dab tsi?

Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) yog ib lo lus uas feem ntau siv interchangeably nrog NDT.Txawm li cas los xij, technically, NDE yog siv los piav txog kev ntsuas uas muaj ntau ntau hauv cov xwm txheej.Piv txwv li, ib txoj kev NDE yuav tsis tsuas yog nrhiav qhov tsis xws luag, tab sis nws kuj yuav raug siv los ntsuas qee yam ntawm qhov tsis xws li nws qhov loj me, zoo li, thiab kev taw qhia.NDE tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab cov khoom siv, xws li tawg toughness, formability, thiab lwm yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev.

Qee qhov NDT / NDE Technologies:

Ntau tus neeg twb tau paub txog qee cov thev naus laus zis uas siv hauv NDT thiab NDE los ntawm lawv cov kev siv hauv kev lag luam kho mob.Cov neeg feem coob kuj tau kuaj X-ray thiab ntau leej niam tau siv ultrasound los ntawm kws kho mob los kuaj xyuas lawv tus menyuam thaum tseem nyob hauv plab.X-rays thiab ultrasound tsuas yog ob peb ntawm cov thev naus laus zis siv hauv NDT / NDE.Tus naj npawb ntawm txoj kev tshuaj xyuas zoo li loj hlob txhua hnub, tab sis cov ntsiab lus ceev ntawm cov kev siv feem ntau yog muab hauv qab no.

Visual thiab Optical Test (VT)

Txoj kev NDT yooj yim tshaj plaws yog kev kuaj pom.Cov neeg kuaj pom pom ua raws cov txheej txheem uas muaj xws li tsuas yog saib ntawm ib feem kom pom tias qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw pom, siv lub tshuab computer tswj lub koob yees duab kom paub txog thiab ntsuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom.

Kev kuaj ntshav (RT)

RT suav nrog kev siv nkag mus rau gamma- lossis X-ray los tshuaj xyuas cov khoom thiab cov khoom tsis xws luag thiab cov yam ntxwv sab hauv.Lub tshuab xoo hluav taws xob lossis hluav taws xob isotope yog siv los ua qhov chaw ntawm hluav taws xob.Radiation yog qhia los ntawm ib feem thiab mus rau zaj duab xis lossis lwm yam xov xwm.Qhov tshwm sim shadowgraph qhia cov yam ntxwv sab hauv thiab soundness ntawm ib feem.Cov ntaub ntawv thickness thiab ceev hloov yog qhia raws li qhov sib dua los yog tsaus dua qhov chaw ntawm zaj duab xis.Cov chaw tsaus nti hauv cov duab hluav taws xob hauv qab no sawv cev rau cov voids hauv cov khoom.

Sib Nqus Particle Test (MT)

Txoj kev NDT no ua tiav los ntawm inducing ib magnetic teb nyob rau hauv ib tug ferromagnetic khoom thiab ces plua plav saum npoo nrog hlau hais (xws li qhuav los yog tshem tawm nyob rau hauv cov kua).Nto thiab ze-nto flaws tsim magnetic ncej los yog distort lub magnetic teb nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas cov hlau hais yog attracted thiab concentrated.Qhov no ua rau pom qhov pom ntawm qhov tsis xws luag ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom.Cov duab hauv qab no qhia txog cov khoom ua ntej thiab tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas siv cov khoom sib nqus qhuav.

Kev kuaj ultrasonic (UT)

Hauv kev ntsuam xyuas ultrasonic, lub suab nrov zaus tau xa mus rau hauv cov khoom siv los xyuas qhov tsis zoo los yog nrhiav kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv.Cov txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam ultrasonic feem ntau yog pulse echo, uas yog lub suab nkag rau hauv cov khoom kuaj thiab kev xav (echoes) los ntawm kev tsis zoo sab hauv lossis ib feem ntawm qhov chaw geometrical raug xa rov qab mus rau lub receiver.Hauv qab no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm shear wave weld soj ntsuam.Nco ntsoov qhov qhia txog txuas mus rau sab sauv txwv ntawm qhov screen.Qhov kev qhia no yog tsim los ntawm lub suab cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv qhov vuam.

Kev Ntsuas Penetrant (PT)

Cov khoom kuaj yog coated nrog ib tug tov uas muaj ib tug pom los yog fluorescent dye.Cov tshuaj ntau dhau yog tom qab ntawd tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov khoom tab sis tawm hauv qhov chaw tawg.Tom qab ntawd tus tsim tawm yog siv los kos tus penetrant tawm ntawm qhov tsis xws luag.Nrog fluorescent dyes, lub teeb ultraviolet yog siv los ua kom cov ntshav tawm fluoresce ci ntsa iab, yog li tso cai rau qhov tsis zoo kom pom tau yooj yim.Nrog pom cov dyes, cov xim tiag tiag sib txawv ntawm cov neeg nkag mus thiab cov neeg tsim tawm ua "bleedout" yooj yim pom.Cov cim liab hauv qab no sawv cev rau ntau qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov khoom no.

Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob (ET)

Cov hluav taws xob tam sim no (eddy currents) yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev hloov magnetic teb.Lub zog ntawm cov eddy tam sim no tuaj yeem ntsuas tau.Cov khoom tsis xws luag ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv qhov ntws ntawm cov eddy tam sim no uas ceeb toom tus neeg soj ntsuam kom pom qhov tsis xws luag.Eddy tam sim no tseem cuam tshuam los ntawm hluav taws xob conductivity thiab sib nqus permeability ntawm cov khoom, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb tau qee cov ntaub ntawv raws li cov khoom no.Tus kws kho mob hauv qab no tab tom tshuaj xyuas lub dav hlau tis rau qhov tsis xws luag.

Leak Testing (LT)

Ntau cov txheej txheem yog siv los txheeb xyuas thiab nrhiav cov dej xau hauv cov khoom ntim siab, cov hlab ntsha siab, thiab cov qauv.Cov dej xau tuaj yeem raug kuaj pom los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob mloog, ntsuas qhov ntsuas siab, cov txheej txheem ua kua thiab roj, thiab / lossis kev sim tshuaj xab npum yooj yim.

Acoustic Emission Testing (AE)

Thaum cov khoom muaj kev ntxhov siab, cov khoom tsis zoo hauv cov khoom emit bursts luv luv ntawm acoustic zog hu ua "emissions."Raws li hauv kev kuaj ultrasonic, acoustic emissions tuaj yeem kuaj pom los ntawm cov neeg txais tshwj xeeb.Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem raug ntsuas los ntawm kev kawm txog lawv qhov kev siv zog thiab lub sijhawm tuaj txog los sau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov peev txheej ntawm lub zog, xws li lawv qhov chaw nyob.