Hauv chav kuaj mob uas ua haujlwm kom raug rau kev tsim cov chips, muaj ib tug "neeg ua yeeb yam tom qab" uas zoo li tsis muaj dab tsi tshwj xeeb - lub hauv paus tshuab granite. Tsis txhob saib tsis taus lub pob zeb no. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom qhov tseeb ntawm kev sim tsis ua rau puas tsuaj ntawm cov wafers! Niaj hnub no, cia peb saib seb nws ua li cas thiaj ua rau cov khoom siv kuaj pom "kab rov tav thiab ntsug".
1. Yug los nrog ib tug "gene ruaj khov"
Granite tsis yog pob zeb ib txwm muaj. Nws cov qauv sab hauv zoo li ib qho "mineral jigsaw puzzle" uas sib txuas ua ke zoo heev. Quartz, feldspar thiab lwm yam siv lead ua ke tau teeb tsa zoo, nrog rau qhov ceev heev thiab yuav luag tsis muaj qhov khoob. Qhov no zoo li kev tsim lub tsev nrog cov pob zeb reinforced concrete, uas yog ob qho tib si khov kho thiab ruaj khov. Thaum cov khoom siv tshuaj xyuas "zaum" rau ntawm nws, txawm tias nws hnyav ntau tons, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub hauv paus granite yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb, tsuas yog ib feem kaum ntawm cov hlau!
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias nws yuav luag tsis ntshai qhov kub hloov pauv. Cov khoom siv hlau ib txwm muaj feem ntau "nthuav dav thiab nce qhov hnyav" thaum cua sov thiab "qaug zog thiab ua nyias dua" thaum txias. Txawm li cas los xij, granite zoo li muaj "khawv koob kub tas li". Thaum qhov kub hloov pauv los ntawm 1 ℃, nws qhov nthuav dav thiab qaug zog tsuas yog ib feem txhiab ntawm cov plaub hau tib neeg. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias txawm tias muaj kev hloov pauv me ntsis hauv qhov kub ntawm chav kuaj sim, lub hauv paus granite tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov khoom siv thiab tiv thaiv qhov sib npaug ntawm "deviating".
Qhov thib ob, cov txheej txheem ua tiav ntawm "cov ntsiab lus dab phem"
Yuav kom lub hauv paus granite raug dua, cov engineers siv "black technology" rau kev ua tiav. Xav txog kev txhuam cov pob zeb nrog "super sandpaper" ua los ntawm pob zeb diamond - qhov no yog li cas lub tshuab sib tsoo tsib-axis ua haujlwm. Nws yuav sib tsoo qhov chaw ntawm granite kom du dua li daim iav hauv peb kauj ruam:
Kev sib tsoo tsis zoo: Ua ntej, tshem tawm cov qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub pob zeb thiab tswj qhov tiaj tiaj mus rau ib-nees nkaum ntawm cov plaub hau tib neeg.
Kev sib tsoo semi-fine: Kev ua kom zoo dua, nrog rau qhov tiaj tiaj nce mus txog ib feem tsib caug ntawm cov plaub hau tib neeg.
Kev sib tsoo zoo: Thaum kawg, nws raug txhuam nrog cov hmoov sib tsoo zoo heev, ua tiav qhov tiaj tiaj ntawm ib feem txhiab ntawm cov plaub hau tib neeg! Ntawm lub sijhawm no, qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus granite zoo li "theem kab rov tav" tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv tshuaj xyuas.
Qee cov khoom siv siab kawg kuj muaj "lub hlwb ntse" - lub qib siab ua tiav zoo li "tus neeg zov me nyuam" ua haujlwm 24 teev hauv ib hnub. Thaum nws pom tias cov khoom siv tau tilted los ntawm 0.01 degrees (lub kaum sab xis me dua li lub taub hau cwj mem), lub cuab yeej hydraulic yuav qhib tam sim ntawd thiab "ncaj" cov khoom siv hauv 30 vib nas this.
Qhov thib peb, kev tsim qauv zoo nkauj ntxiv ua rau muaj kev ruaj khov
Cov kws ua haujlwm kuj tau siv lawv lub hlwb los xav txog cov qauv ntawm lub hauv paus tshuab. Lub hauv qab yog ua rau hauv lub duab hexagonal honeycomb, zoo li lub zes ntawm muv, uas tsis yog tsuas yog txo qhov hnyav xwb tab sis kuj faib cov siab kom sib npaug. Thaum lub cuab yeej ntes tau txav mus rau ntawm lub wafer, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus yuav luag zoo ib yam, ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev siv kab rov tav tseem ruaj khov txhua lub sijhawm.
Qhov xav tsis thoob ntxiv yog tias muaj "lub tshuab nqus dej tsis pom" - lub tshuab nqus dej ceramic piezoelectric - tau teeb tsa ntawm lub hauv paus thiab hauv av. Nws tuaj yeem ntes ntau yam kev co xws li 1 txog 1000Hz zoo li lub radar thiab tam sim ntawd tso tawm cov nthwv dej rov qab los "tiv thaiv" qhov kev cuam tshuam. Piv txwv li, cov kev co uas tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab nyob ib sab lossis cov tsheb co dhau los sab nraud yog "tsis muaj txiaj ntsig" nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm nws.
Cov ntaub ntawv hais lus rau nws tus kheej: Qhov cuam tshuam muaj zog npaum li cas?
Hauv kev siv ua haujlwm, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub hauv paus granite yog qhov xav tsis thoob tiag tiag:
Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag: Qhov tseeb ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov wafers tau zoo dua los ntawm 3 microns mus rau 1 micron (1 micron = ib feem rau caum ntawm tib neeg cov plaub hau).
Kev kuaj ultrasonic: Qhov yuam kev hauv kev ntsuas qhov tuab ntawm wafer tau raug txo los ntawm peb lub hlis twg.
Siv mus sij hawm ntev: Tom qab ua haujlwm tas li ib xyoos, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov sib npaug yuav luag tsis muaj dab tsi, thaum lub hauv paus tshuab ib txwm tau ntev dhau los ua "khoov dhau".
Txij li qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntuj mus rau kev ua tiav thiab kev tsim kho tshiab, lub hauv paus granite tau ua pov thawj nrog nws "lub zog" tias yog tias koj xav kom raug ntes cov chips, lub pob zeb no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev!
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Rau Hli-18-2025