Cov Zaub Vaj Huam Sib Luag (FPD) tau dhau los ua lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov TV yav tom ntej. Nws yog qhov sib txawv dav dav, tab sis tsis muaj kev txhais lus nruj hauv ntiaj teb. Feem ntau, hom zaub no nyias thiab zoo li lub vaj huam sib luag tiaj tus. Muaj ntau hom zaub vaj huam sib luag tiaj tus. , Raws li cov khoom siv tso saib thiab txoj cai ua haujlwm, muaj cov kua siv lead ua kua (LCD), plasma zaub (PDP), electroluminescence zaub (ELD), organic electroluminescence zaub (OLED), teb emission zaub (FED), projection zaub, thiab lwm yam. Ntau yam khoom siv FPD yog ua los ntawm granite. Vim tias granite tshuab puag muaj qhov tseeb zoo dua thiab cov khoom siv lub cev.
kev loj hlob sib txawv
Piv nrog rau cov CRT ib txwm muaj (cathode ray tube), cov zaub tiaj tiaj muaj qhov zoo ntawm nyias, lub teeb, siv hluav taws xob tsawg, tsis muaj hluav taws xob, tsis muaj flicker, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Nws tau dhau CRT hauv kev muag khoom thoob ntiaj teb. Los ntawm xyoo 2010, kwv yees tias qhov sib piv ntawm tus nqi muag khoom ntawm ob qho yuav ncav cuag 5: 1. Hauv xyoo pua 21st, cov zaub tiaj tiaj yuav dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov zaub. Raws li kev kwv yees ntawm Stanford Resources nto moo, kev lag luam zaub tiaj tiaj thoob ntiaj teb yuav nce ntxiv los ntawm 23 billion US dollars hauv xyoo 2001 mus rau 58.7 billion US dollars hauv xyoo 2006, thiab qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kev loj hlob yuav ncav cuag 20% hauv 4 xyoos tom ntej.
Kev siv tshuab tso saib
Cov zaub tiaj tiaj yog muab faib ua cov zaub ua haujlwm thiab cov zaub ua haujlwm. Tus thawj yog hais txog cov khoom siv tso saib uas cov khoom siv tso saib nws tus kheej tso tawm lub teeb thiab muab cov hluav taws xob pom, uas suav nrog plasma zaub (PDP), vacuum fluorescent zaub (VFD), field emission zaub (FED), electroluminescence zaub (LED) thiab organic teeb emitting diode zaub (OLED). Tus tom kawg txhais tau tias nws tsis tso tawm lub teeb los ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis siv cov khoom siv tso saib kom raug modulated los ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob, thiab nws cov yam ntxwv kho qhov muag hloov pauv, modulate lub teeb ambient thiab lub teeb tawm los ntawm lub zog sab nraud (backlight, projection teeb qhov chaw), thiab ua nws ntawm lub vijtsam zaub lossis lub vijtsam. Cov khoom siv tso saib, suav nrog cov kua siv lead ua kua (LCD), micro-electromechanical system zaub (DMD) thiab cov kua hluav taws xob (EL) zaub, thiab lwm yam.
LCD
Cov zaub siv lead ua kua muaj xws li cov zaub siv lead ua kua passive matrix (PM-LCD) thiab cov zaub siv lead ua kua active matrix (AM-LCD). Ob qho tib si STN thiab TN cov zaub siv lead ua kua yog cov zaub siv lead ua kua passive matrix. Xyoo 1990, cov thev naus laus zis siv lead ua kua active-matrix tau tsim kho sai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov zaub siv lead ua kua nyias nyias (TFT-LCD). Ua ib yam khoom hloov ntawm STN, nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev teb sai thiab tsis muaj kev ntsais muag, thiab siv dav hauv cov khoos phis tawj thiab chaw ua haujlwm, TV, camcorders thiab cov khoom ua si video game. Qhov txawv ntawm AM-LCD thiab PM-LCD yog tias tus qub muaj cov khoom siv hloov pauv ntxiv rau txhua pixel, uas tuaj yeem kov yeej kev cuam tshuam thiab tau txais kev sib piv siab thiab kev daws teeb meem siab. Tam sim no AM-LCD siv cov khoom siv hloov pauv amorphous silicon (a-Si) TFT thiab cov khoom siv cia capacitor, uas tuaj yeem tau txais qib grey siab thiab ua tiav cov xim tiag tiag. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xav tau kev daws teeb meem siab thiab cov pixels me me rau cov koob yees duab siab thiab cov ntawv thov projection tau tsav txoj kev loj hlob ntawm P-Si (polysilicon) TFT (thin film transistor) cov zaub. Qhov kev txav mus los ntawm P-Si yog 8 txog 9 npaug siab dua li ntawm a-Si. Qhov me me ntawm P-Si TFT tsis yog tsuas yog tsim rau qhov siab thiab qhov kev daws teeb meem siab xwb, tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv sab nraud.
Tag nrho hauv txhua qhov, LCD yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov zaub nyias, sib, me thiab nruab nrab nrog kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, thiab siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li khoos phis tawj phau ntawv sau thiab xov tooj ntawm tes. 30-nti thiab 40-nti LCDs tau tsim tiav, thiab qee qhov tau muab tso rau hauv kev siv. Tom qab kev tsim khoom loj ntawm LCD, tus nqi raug txo qis tas li. Lub 15-nti LCD saib muaj rau $ 500. Nws txoj kev loj hlob yav tom ntej yog hloov cov zaub cathode ntawm PC thiab siv nws hauv LCD TV.
Cov zaub plasma
Cov zaub plasma yog ib qho thev naus laus zis tso tawm lub teeb pom kev uas tau ua tiav los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj (xws li huab cua) tso tawm. Cov zaub plasma muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov raj cathode ray, tab sis tau tsim los ntawm cov qauv nyias heev. Qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb yog 40-42 nti. 50 60 nti cov khoom lag luam tab tom tsim kho.
lub tshuab nqus tsev fluorescence
Lub tshuab nqus tsev fluorescent zaub yog ib qho zaub siv dav hauv cov khoom siv suab / video thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Nws yog lub tshuab nqus tsev triode electron tube hom uas encapsulates lub cathode, grid thiab anode hauv lub raj nqus tsev. Nws yog tias cov electrons tso tawm los ntawm cathode raug nrawm los ntawm lub zog zoo siv rau lub grid thiab anode, thiab txhawb cov phosphor coated rau ntawm anode kom tso tawm lub teeb. Lub grid siv cov qauv honeycomb.
hluav taws xob ci ntsa iab)
Cov zaub Electroluminescent yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov thev naus laus zis solid-state thin-film. Ib txheej insulating muab tso rau ntawm 2 lub phaj conductive thiab ib txheej electroluminescent nyias raug tso rau hauv. Lub cuab yeej siv cov phaj zinc-coated lossis strontium-coated nrog cov spectrum broad emission ua cov khoom electroluminescent. Nws cov txheej electroluminescent yog 100 microns tuab thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav cov zaub pom tseeb zoo ib yam li cov zaub organic light emitting diode (OLED). Nws lub zog tsav tsheb ib txwm yog 10KHz, 200V AC voltage, uas xav tau tus tsav tsheb IC kim dua. Ib qho microdisplay siab daws teeb meem siv cov txheej txheem tsav tsheb active array tau tsim tau zoo.
coj
Cov teeb pom kev zoo uas muaj teeb ci ntsa iab muaj ntau lub teeb ci ntsa iab, uas tuaj yeem yog monochromatic lossis ntau xim. Cov teeb pom kev zoo xiav uas ua haujlwm tau zoo tau muaj, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov teeb pom kev zoo LED loj puv xim. Cov teeb pom kev zoo LED muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov kaj siab, ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab lub neej ntev, thiab tsim nyog rau cov teeb pom kev zoo loj rau kev siv sab nraum zoov. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj cov teeb pom kev zoo nruab nrab rau cov saib lossis PDAs (cov khoos phis tawj tes) tuaj yeem ua nrog cov thev naus laus zis no. Txawm li cas los xij, lub voj voog sib xyaw ua ke LED monolithic tuaj yeem siv ua lub teeb pom kev zoo monochromatic.
MEMS
Qhov no yog ib qho microdisplay uas tsim los ntawm kev siv MEMS technology. Hauv cov zaub no, cov qauv kho tshuab me me yog tsim los ntawm kev ua cov semiconductors thiab lwm yam khoom siv siv cov txheej txheem semiconductor txheem. Hauv lub cuab yeej digital micromirror, cov qauv yog micromirror txhawb nqa los ntawm lub pob khawm. Nws cov pob khawm yog actuated los ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov phaj txuas nrog ib qho ntawm cov hlwb nco hauv qab no. Qhov loj ntawm txhua lub micromirror yog kwv yees li txoj kab uas hla ntawm tib neeg cov plaub hau. Lub cuab yeej no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov projectors lag luam portable thiab cov projectors tsev ua yeeb yam.
kev tso pa tawm hauv thaj teb
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tso saib hluav taws xob hauv thaj chaw zoo ib yam li lub raj cathode ray, uas yog, cov electrons raug rub los ntawm lub phaj thiab ua rau sib tsoo nrog lub phosphor coated rau ntawm anode kom tso tawm lub teeb. Nws lub cathode yog tsim los ntawm ntau qhov chaw me me ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me uas teeb tsa ua ib qho array, uas yog, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib qho array ntawm ib lub pixel thiab ib lub cathode. Ib yam li cov zaub plasma, cov zaub tso saib hluav taws xob hauv thaj chaw xav tau cov hluav taws xob siab kom ua haujlwm, xws li 200V txog 6000V. Tab sis txog tam sim no, nws tsis tau dhau los ua lub vijtsam tiaj tiaj vim yog tus nqi tsim khoom siab ntawm nws cov khoom siv tsim khoom.
lub teeb organic
Hauv ib qho organic light-emitting diode display (OLED), ib qho hluav taws xob raug xa mus rau ib lossis ntau txheej yas los tsim lub teeb uas zoo li cov inorganic light-emitting diodes. Qhov no txhais tau tias qhov xav tau rau OLED device yog ib daim zaj duab xis khov kho ntawm ib lub substrate. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv organic muaj kev nkag siab zoo rau cov pa dej thiab oxygen, yog li kev kaw yog qhov tseem ceeb. OLEDs yog cov khoom siv emitting lub teeb thiab qhia txog cov yam ntxwv zoo heev ntawm lub teeb thiab cov yam ntxwv siv hluav taws xob tsawg. Lawv muaj peev xwm zoo rau kev tsim khoom loj hauv cov txheej txheem dov-los-yob ntawm cov substrates yooj ywm thiab yog li ntawd pheej yig heev rau kev tsim khoom. Cov thev naus laus zis muaj ntau yam kev siv, los ntawm kev teeb pom kev zoo monochromatic loj mus rau cov yeeb yaj kiab xim puv npo.
Cov kua hluav taws xob
Cov zaub E-ink yog cov zaub uas tswj los ntawm kev siv lub zog hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv bistable. Nws muaj ntau lub pob tshab me me, txhua lub li ntawm 100 microns hauv txoj kab uas hla, muaj cov kua dub dyed khoom thiab ntau txhiab lub khoom me me ntawm titanium dioxide dawb. Thaum lub zog hluav taws xob raug siv rau cov khoom siv bistable, cov khoom me me titanium dioxide yuav tsiv mus rau ib qho ntawm cov electrodes nyob ntawm lawv lub xeev them. Qhov no ua rau lub pixel tso tawm lub teeb lossis tsis. Vim tias cov khoom siv yog bistable, nws khaws cov ntaub ntawv rau lub hlis. Txij li thaum nws lub xeev ua haujlwm raug tswj los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, nws cov ntsiab lus tso saib tuaj yeem hloov pauv nrog lub zog me me.
lub teeb ntes nplaim taws
Lub Tshuab Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob FPD (Lub Tshuab Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob, FPD luv luv)
1. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm FPD
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm FPD yog raws li kev hlawv ntawm cov qauv hauv nplaim hydrogen nplua nuj, yog li cov tshuaj uas muaj sulfur thiab phosphorus raug txo los ntawm hydrogen tom qab hlawv, thiab cov xeev zoo siab ntawm S2 * (lub xeev zoo siab ntawm S2) thiab HPO * (lub xeev zoo siab ntawm HPO) raug tsim. Ob qho tshuaj zoo siab tawm cov spectra nyob ib puag ncig 400nm thiab 550nm thaum lawv rov qab mus rau hauv av. Qhov muaj zog ntawm cov spectrum no yog ntsuas nrog lub raj photomultiplier, thiab qhov muaj zog ntawm lub teeb yog proportional rau qhov loj ntawm cov qauv. FPD yog lub cuab yeej ntes rhiab heev thiab xaiv tau, uas yog siv dav hauv kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj sulfur thiab phosphorus.
2. Cov qauv ntawm FPD
FPD yog ib lub qauv uas muab FID thiab photometer sib xyaw ua ke. Nws pib ua ib lub FPD uas muaj ib lub nplaim taws xwb. Tom qab xyoo 1978, txhawm rau ua kom tiav qhov tsis zoo ntawm ib lub nplaim taws xwb FPD, ob lub nplaim taws FPD tau tsim. Nws muaj ob lub nplaim taws sib cais los ntawm huab cua-hydrogen, lub nplaim taws qis dua hloov cov qauv molecules mus rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj cov molecules yooj yim xws li S2 thiab HPO; lub nplaim taws sab saud tsim cov khoom tawg uas zoo li luminescent xws li S2 * thiab HPO *, muaj lub qhov rais uas tsom mus rau lub nplaim taws sab saud, thiab qhov muaj zog ntawm chemiluminescence raug ntes los ntawm lub raj photomultiplier. Lub qhov rais yog ua los ntawm iav tawv, thiab lub qhov hluav taws kub yog ua los ntawm stainless hlau.
3. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm FPD
FPD yog ib qho cuab yeej xaiv los txiav txim siab txog cov tshuaj sulfur thiab phosphorus. Nws lub nplaim yog cov nplaim nplua nuj hydrogen, thiab cov khoom siv cua tsuas yog txaus los cuam tshuam nrog 70% ntawm cov hydrogen, yog li qhov kub ntawm lub nplaim qis kom tsim cov sulfur thiab phosphorus uas zoo siab. Cov khoom sib xyaw. Qhov nrawm ntawm cov roj nqa, hydrogen thiab cua muaj feem cuam tshuam loj rau FPD, yog li qhov kev tswj hwm cov roj ntws yuav tsum ruaj khov heev. Qhov kub ntawm lub nplaim rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tshuaj sulfur-muaj yuav tsum nyob ib puag ncig 390 ° C, uas tuaj yeem tsim cov S2 zoo siab; rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tshuaj phosphorus-muaj, qhov piv ntawm hydrogen thiab oxygen yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm 2 thiab 5, thiab qhov piv ntawm hydrogen-rau-oxygen yuav tsum hloov pauv raws li cov qauv sib txawv. Cov roj nqa thiab cov roj ua kom zoo kuj yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo kom tau txais qhov sib piv zoo ntawm lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ib Hlis-18-2022