In kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb, kev rov ua dua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sim yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas qhov kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev tshawb pom. Ib qho kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig lossis kev ntsuas qhov yuam kev tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tshwm sim sib txawv, yog li ua rau tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb xaus. Nrog nws cov khoom zoo ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg, granite ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev sim hauv txhua yam los ntawm nws cov khoom siv rau kev tsim qauv, ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv tshawb fawb.
1. Isotropy: Tshem tawm qhov yuam kev hauv cov khoom nws tus kheej
Granite yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av xws li quartz, feldspar thiab mica sib npaug, qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm isotropic. Cov yam ntxwv no qhia tau hais tias nws lub cev muaj zog (xws li hardness thiab elastic modulus) yog qhov zoo ib yam nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia thiab yuav tsis ua rau kev ntsuas qhov sib txawv vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv precision mechanics thwmsim, thaum cov qauv muab tso rau ntawm ib tug granite platform rau loading kev ntsuam xyuas, lub platform tus kheej deformation tseem nyob ruaj ruaj tsis hais txog ntawm qhov kev taw qhia los ntawm lub zog twg yog siv, yog li no zoo zam kev ntsuas qhov yuam kev tshwm sim los ntawm anisotropy ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev taw qhia. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov khoom siv hlau muaj qhov tseem ceeb anisotropy vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua thaum ua tiav, uas cuam tshuam rau qhov sib xws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sim. Yog li ntawd, tus yam ntxwv ntawm granite no ua kom muaj qhov sib xws ntawm kev sim cov xwm txheej thiab ua rau lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau kev ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv rov ua dua.
2. Thermal stability: Tiv thaiv qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias
Cov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb thwmsim feem ntau yog rhiab heev rau ib puag ncig kub. Txawm tias qhov kev hloov pauv me me tuaj yeem ua rau thermal expansion thiab contraction ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, yog li cuam tshuam rau kev ntsuas qhov tseeb. Granite muaj cov coefficient tsawg heev ntawm thermal expansion (4-8 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃), uas tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia thiab ib feem peb ntawm aluminium alloy. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig nrog qhov kub thiab txias ntawm ± 5 ℃, qhov hloov pauv loj ntawm ib-meter-ntev granite platform yog tsawg dua 0.04μm, uas yuav luag tsis quav ntsej. Piv txwv li, hauv kev sim cuam tshuam kho qhov muag, kev siv granite platforms tuaj yeem cais qhov kub thiab txias cuam tshuam los ntawm kev pib thiab nres ntawm cov cua txias, yog li ua kom ruaj khov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thaum lub sij hawm laser wavelength ntsuas thiab tsis txhob cuam tshuam fringe offsets vim thermal deformation, yog li lav zoo sib xws thiab sib piv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv.
Iii. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws vibration suppression muaj peev xwm
Hauv qhov chaw kuaj mob, ntau yam kev vibrations (xws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm txav) yog qhov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau qhov kev xeem. Ua tsaug rau nws cov yam ntxwv siab damping, granite tau dhau los ua ib yam ntawm "natural barrier". Nws cov qauv siv lead ua tuaj yeem hloov lub zog vibration mus rau hauv thermal zog, thiab nws qhov sib piv yog siab li 0.05-0.1, uas zoo dua li cov khoom siv hlau (tsuas yog li 0.01). Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) kev sim, los ntawm kev siv lub hauv paus granite, tshaj 90% ntawm sab nraud vibrations yuav attenuated nyob rau hauv tsuas yog 0.3 vib nas this, ua kom qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub sojntsuam thiab tus qauv nto ruaj khov thiab yog li ua kom ntseeg tau qhov sib xws ntawm atomically qib duab tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm granite platform nrog kev co kev sib cais xws li cua springs lossis magnetic levitation tuaj yeem txo qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm oscillation mus rau qib nanometer, txhim kho qhov kev sim raug.
Iv. Chemical Stability thiab Long-term Reliability
Kev tshawb fawb kev tshawb fawb feem ntau yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas lub sij hawm ntev thiab rov ua dua, yog li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov khoom siv ntev yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb. Raws li cov khoom siv nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj ruaj khov, granite muaj qhov dav pH kam rau ua ntau yam (1-14), tsis hnov mob nrog cov kua qaub thiab alkali reagents, thiab tsis tso cov hlau ions. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov cheeb tsam nyuaj xws li cov chaw kuaj tshuaj thiab cov chav huv. Lub caij no, nws cov hardness siab (Mohs hardness ntawm 6-7) thiab zoo heev hnav tsis kam ua rau nws tsis tshua hnav thiab deformation thaum siv mus sij hawm ntev. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov granite platform uas tau siv rau 10 xyoo nyob rau hauv ib lub koom haum tshawb fawb physics tseem tswj nyob rau hauv ± 0.1μm / m, nteg lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau txuas ntxiv muab kev ntseeg siab.
Hauv kev xaus, los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm microstructure mus rau macroscopic kev ua tau zoo, granite systematically tshem tawm ntau yam cuam tshuam cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam zoo xws li isotropy, thermal stability zoo, muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev vibration, thiab kev siv tshuaj zoo heev. Hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb uas ua raws kev nruj thiab rov ua dua, granite, nrog nws qhov txiaj ntsig tsis tuaj yeem hloov tau, tau dhau los ua lub zog tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom ntseeg tau cov ntaub ntawv tseeb thiab ntseeg tau.
Post lub sij hawm: May-24-2025